Led Zeppelin win latest battle in Stairway To Heaven legal fight

A US appeal court has restored a jury verdict that found Led Zeppelin did not steal their landmark song Stairway To Heaven.

The 9th US Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco handed the major win to guitarist Jimmy Page and singer Robert Plant and dealt a blow to the estate of Randy Wolfe of the band Spirit.

The estate had claimed that the 1971 mega-hit violated the copyright of a 1968 song called Taurus.

At issue is the classic acoustic introduction to Stairway To Heaven – constantly played by amateurs in guitar shops for nearly 50 years – and the riff at the centre of the instrumental Taurus, which follows a similar line.

A majority of an 11-judge panel overturned a previous ruling that the jury in the 2016 trial should have heard the recording of Taurus and was given poor instructions before jurors found in favour of Page and Plant.

The composition of the two songs, not their recordings, were at issue in the case, but the plaintiffs had sought to play the two recordings for jurors as part of their argument that Page had access to Taurus as required to prove a copyright violation.

Monday’s ruling found that because the jury found that Page did have access to the song then the issue was irrelevant, and playing the recording might have prejudiced the jury to consider more than just the compositions.

“When Page testified, he candidly admitted to owning ‘a copy of the album that contains Taurus’,” the ruling states.

The jury found both Page and Plant ‘had access to the musical composition Taurus before Stairway To Heaven was created’, it said.

“Once the jury made that finding, the remaining questions on the jury verdict form related to substantial similarity of the works.”

Many of the judges were sceptical at the case’s hearing in September over the playing of the recording, suggesting it was a back-door way for the plaintiffs to get the jury to hear the record.

“You’ve got to get your sound recording in to win, don’t you?” Judge Andrew D Hurwitz said as he questioned Wolfe estate lawyer Francis Malofiy.

“You lose the case unless you do. A hundred times out of a hundred.”

The 9th Circuit also broke with its own precedent on the question of jury instructions and rejected the so-called “inverse ratio” rule, which held that the more the plaintiffs could prove that an alleged song thief had access to the original material, the lower the standard became for finding the two works similar.

The judge in the trial court did not instruct the jury on the rule. Monday’s decision found that he did not need to.

The ruling, which can be taken on appeal to to the US Supreme Court, is a potentially precedent-setting win for musical acts accused of plagiarism, and comes in a period when many star songwriters have lost high-profile cases.

Jurors decided in a 2015 trial that Robin Thicke’s Blurred Lines copied Marvin Gaye’s Got To Give It Up, and a jury last year year found that Katy Perry’s hit Dark Horse copied from a Christian rap song.